Nkhani

Mbiri ndi chisinthiko cha matenda askativenia

Kutsetsereka kwa mankhwala a mankhwala azaka zisanu ndi ziwiri Mu 1930s hexabarbital ndi pentol adayambitsidwa m'machitidwe azachipatala.

Munali mu 1960s pharmacokinetic kuti mitundu ndi zifaniziro za infusions zidapangidwa ndipo m'ma 1980s, kompyuta yoyendetsedwa ndi IV idayambitsidwa. Mu 1996 choyambirira chandamale cholumikizidwa cholowetsedwa ('Diskrufor') chinayambitsidwa.

Opelewera

A Cholinga cholamulidwaNdi kulowetsedwa motere kuti muyesetse kukwaniritsa wogwiritsa ntchito kutanthauzira kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a chiwongola dzanja kapena minofu ya chidwi. Lingaliroli linandipatsa chidwi ndi Kruger Thiemer mu 1968.

Pharmacokinetics

Kuchuluka kwa kugawa.

Izi ndiye voliyumu yomwe ingaperekedwe komwe mankhwalawa amagawidwa. Amawerengedwa ndi formula: vd = mlingo / ndende ya mankhwala. Mtengo wake umadalira ngati umawerengedwa nthawi ya zero - pambuyo pa bolus (vc) kapena ku boma lokhazikika pambuyo kulowetsedwa (VSS).

Chilolezo.

Chilolezo chikuyimira voliyumu ya plasma (VP) komwe mankhwalawa amachotsedwa nthawi imodzi kuti athe kutumizidwa kuchokera ku thupi. Chilolezo = kuchotsedwa x vp.

Monga kuchotsera kumawonjezera theka la moyo kumachepetsa, ndipo monga kuchuluka kwa kufalitsa kumakulitsa kumene theka la moyo. Chilolezo chimathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe mankhwalawa amasunthira mwachangu pakati pa zigawo. Mankhwalawa amayambiranso kuchipinda chapakati pasanagawidwe ndi zigawo zambiri. Ngati choyambirira cha kufalitsa (vc) ndi zomwe mukufuna kuti zikhale zochizira (CP) zimadziwika, ndizotheka kuwerengera katunduyo kuti akwaniritse izi:

Kutsegula Mlingo = CP X VC

Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwerengera mankhwala a Bolus akuyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu mosalekeza kulowetsedwa: Bolus mlingo = (koloko) X vc. Kuchuluka kwa kulowetsedwa kuti asamalire okhazikika = CP X.

Kusavuta kulowetsedwa sikugwiritsa ntchito ma plasma a plasma mpaka osachepera asanu a moyo wochotsa. Wofukula amene akufuna kuti athere mwachangu ngati mlingo wa Bolus umatsatiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa.